The United States announced new tariffs ranging from 10% to 12.5% on 60 trading partners, covering about 99% of US imports, with duties taking effect at 12:01 am Eastern Time on Friday as a replacement for an expiring temporary levy. The measures target firms alleged to have lax enforcement of forced-labor bans, signaling a renewed push to police global supply chains under the Trump administration’s policy agenda. Major economies affected include China, the European Union, the United Kingdom, India, Canada, and Japan, while certain goods such as oil, gas, fertilisers, and those already subject to other tariffs may be exempted or treated differently. The tariffs are being framed as a targeted enforcement action under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 (and related legal authorities) rather than a blanket protectionist move, following a Supreme Court setback to earlier duties. Officials emphasize that the new measure aims to pressure governments to tighten oversight of forced labor and to address competitive disadvantages for American workers, while several sectors and transit goods may be exempt or shielded from the new duties. Washington has noted ongoing investigations into other economies for geopolitical and industrial policy concerns that could yield additional tariffs in the future.