Hannibal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abram Petrovich Gannibal or Hannibal (1697–1781), African prince and Russian general
Gary Hannibal (born 1943), American politician from Nebraska
Ivan Gannibal (1735–1801), Russian general and Abram's son
Heinrich Hannibal (1889–1971), German World War II SS officer
Robin Hannibal (fl. 2003–present), Danish and musician and record producer
Dr. Hannibal, the professional wrestling persona of Steven Gillespie