Topic
salt.
secret added to an input such as a password prior to being hashed with a cryptographic hash function and stored alongside the hashed output
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About salt
In cryptography, a salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. Salting helps defend against attacks that use partially precomputed tables or dictionaries of hashed values of commonly used passwords, by vastly growing the size of table needed for a successful attack. It also helps protect passwords that occur multiple times in a database, as a new salt is used for each password instance. Additionally, salting does not place any burden on users.
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