Abdullah bin Saud Al Saud (Arabic: عبد الله بن سعود آل سعود, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh bin Suʿūd Āl Suʿūd; died May 1819) was the last ruler of the First Saudi State, from 1814 to 1818, and was executed in Istanbul under the Ottoman Empire. Although the Ottomans maintained several garrisons in the Nejd thereafter, they were unable to prevent the rise of the Emirate of Nejd, also known as the Second Saudi State, led by Turki bin Abdullah.
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Early life
Abdullah was the eldest son of Saud bin Abdulaziz, who declared him as the heir apparent in 1805. Abdullah's first military command was in 1811. In his second command he fought against the Egyptians in 1812, and was unable to prevent them from ultimately recapturing Hejaz. Following his failure, Saud bin Abdulaziz took back the command, which delayed the capture of the region.
Reign
Abdullah succeeded his father, Saud, in May 1814. At the beginning of his reign, Abdullah faced intra-family challenges from his uncle Abdullah bin Muhammad, but managed to settle these problems.