Balam

Kings

According to The Grand Grimoire, Bael (or Baal, Ba'al, Baell, Buel, Baël) is the head of the infernal powers. He is also the first demon listed in Wierus's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum. According to Wierus, Bael is the first King of Hell with estates in the east. He has three heads; the first is that of a toad, the second like a man, and the third like a cat. He also speaks in a raucous, but well-formed voice, and commands 66 legions. Bael teaches the art of invisibility, and may be the equivalent of Baalzebub, one of the Seven princes of Hell.

Paimon (also Paimonia, Paymon, Paymonia, Païmon, Bayemont, Baymon, Bayemon) is one of the Kings of Hell, more obedient to Lucifer than the other kings are, and has 200 legions of demons under his command. He has a great voice and roars as soon as he comes, speaking in this manner for a while until the conjurer compels him, and then he answers clearly the questions he is asked. When a conjurer invokes this demon, they must look towards the northwest, the direction of Paimon's house, and when Paimon appears, he must be allowed to ask the conjurer what they wish and be answered, in order to obtain the same from him.

Paimon teaches all arts, philosophies, and sciences, and secret things; he can reveal all mysteries of the Earth, wind, and water, what the mind is, and where it is, and everything the conjurer wants to know. He gives good familiars, dignities and confirms them, and binds men to the conjurer's will.

If Paimon is cited alone, buffering or sacrifice must be done, and he will accept it, though the precise nature of the gift is unclear; then two kings called Beball (Bebal or Labal) and Abalam (Abalim) will go to him together with other spirits, often twenty-five legions; but these other spirits do not always come unless the conjurer calls upon them.

Paimon is depicted as a man with an effeminate face, wearing a precious crown, and riding a dromedary. Before him often goes a host of demons with the shape of men, playing trumpets, cymbals, and any other types of musical instruments.

Beleth (also Bilet, Bileth, Byleth, Bilith) is a mighty and terrible King of Hell, having 85 legions of demons under his command. He rides a warhorse, and all kind of music is heard before him, according to most authors on demonology and the most known grimoires. According to Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, Ham, son of Noah, was the first in invoking him after the flood, and wrote a book on mathematics with his help.

When appearing, he looks very fierce to frighten the conjurer or to see if they are courageous. The conjurer must be brave, and holding a hazel wand in their hand must draw a triangle by striking towards the South, East, and upwards, and command Beleth into it by means of some conjurations.

If he does not obey, the conjurer must rehearse all threats the conjurations said. Then, Beleth will obey and do all that he is commanded, but the conjurer must be respectful and pay homage unto Beleth due to his rank, and hold a silver ring in the middle finger of the left hand against his face, as it is the use of hellish kings and princes before Amaymon.

Beleth gives all the love of men and women he is commanded until the conjurer is satisfied.

Purson (also Curson, Pursan) is a Great King of Hell, being served and obeyed by 22 legions of demons. He knows of hidden things, can find treasures, and tells all things past, present and future. Taking a human or aerial body, he answers truly of all secret and divine things of Earth and the creation of the world. He also brings good familiars. Purson is depicted as a man with the face of a lion, carrying a ferocious viper in his hand, and riding a bear. Before him, there can be heard many trumpets sounding. This demon blows internal trumpets, and is believed connected to the revelator to the Antichrist. According to Fritz Springmeier, End times programming also involves (because of the ushering in of the reign of the anti-christ) demonology involved -- the Demon "Purson" involved with the programming. His job is the Revelator of the anti-christ. He will know a victim’s system.

Asmodeus (also Ashmodai, Ashmedai, Asmoday, Asmodai) appears as the King 'Asmoday' in the Ars Goetia, where he is said to have a seal in gold and is listed as number thirty-two according to respective rank. He "is strong, powerful and appears with three heads; the first is like a bull, the second like a man, and the third like a ram or a goat; the tail of a serpent, and from his mouth issue flames of fire." Also, he sits upon an infernal dragon, holds a lance with a banner, and amongst the legions of Amaymon, Asmoday governs 72 legions of inferior spirits.

(King/Count) Vine (also Viné, Vinea) is a King and Earl of Hell, commanding 36 legions of demons. He can tell all things present, past, and future, discover witches and hidden things, create storms and make the water rough by means of them, and also bring down walls and build towers. Vine is portrayed as a lion holding a snake in his hand and riding a black horse. The etymology of his name seems to be the Latin word 'vinea', vine, that is also the name given to an ancient war machine made of wood and covered with leather and branches, used to overthrow walls.

Balam (also Balaam, Balan) is a great and powerful King of Hell, commanding 40 legions of demons. He gives perfect answers on all things past, present, and future, and can also make men invisible and witty. Balam is depicted as being three-headed. One head is the head of a bull, the second of a man, and the third of a ram. He has flaming eyes and the tail of a serpent. He carries a hawk on his fist and rides a strong bear. At other times, he is represented as a naked man riding a bear. His name seems to have been taken from Balaam, the biblical magician.

(King/President) Zagan is a Great King and President of Hell, commanding 33 legions of demons. He makes men witty; he can also turn wine into water, water into wine, and blood into wine (According to the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, he can also turn blood into oil, oil into blood, and a fool into a wise man). Other of his powers is that of turning metals into coins that are made with that metal (i.e., gold into a gold coin, copper into a copper coin, etc.). is depicted as a griffin-winged bull that turns into a man after a while.

Belial (also Belhor, Baalial, Beliar, Beliall, Beliel, Belias) is listed as the 68th spirit of The Lesser Key of Solomon. He is a King of Hell with 80 legions of demons and 50 legions of spirits under his command. He was created as the first, after Lucifer. He has the power to distribute senatorships and gives excellent familiars. He must be presented with offerings, sacrifices, and gifts, or else he will not give true answers to demands.

Dukes

Amdusias (also Amduscias, Amdukias, Ambduscias) is a Duke of Hell, having 29 legions of demons and spirits under his command. He is depicted as a human with clawed hands and feet, the head of a unicorn, and a trumpet to symbolize his powerful voice. Amdusias is associated with thunder, and it has been said that his voice is heard during storms. In other sources, he is accompanied by the sound of trumpets when he comes, and will give concerts if commanded, but while all his types of musical instruments can be heard, they cannot be seen. He is regarded as being the demon in charge of the cacophonous music that is played in Hell. He can also make trees bend at will.

Agares (also Agreas, Agarus, Agarat, Aguarès) is a Duke of Hell, ruling the eastern zone of Hell and being served by 31 legions of demons. He can make runaways come back and those who stand still run, finding pleasure in teaching immoral expressions. He also has the power to destroy dignities, both temporal and supernatural. He is depicted as a pale old man riding a crocodile.

Valefar (also Malaphar, Malephar, Valafar, Valefor) is a Duke of Hell, commanding 10 legions of demons. He tempts people to steal and is in charge of a good relationship among thieves. Valefar is considered a good familiar by his associates "till they are caught in the trap." He is represented as a lion with the head of a man, or as a lion with the head of a donkey.

(Duke/Count) Barbatos is a Duke and Earl of Hell, ruling 30 legions of demons and has four kings as his companions to command his legions. He gives the understanding of the voices of the animals, says past and future, conciliates friends and rulers, and he can lead men to hidden treasures that have been hidden by the enchantment of magicians. His name seems to derive from Latin "barbatus", bearded, old man, philosopher.

Gusion (also Gusoin, Gusoyn, Augusyon) is a strong Great Duke of Hell, ruling over 40 legions of demons. He tells all things past, present and future things, shows the meaning of all questions that are asked to him, reconciles friends, and gives honour and dignity. He is depicted as a baboon or according to some, in the form of a "Xenopilus."

Eligos (also Abigor, Eligor) is a Great Duke of Hell, ruling 60 legions of demons. He discovers hidden things and knows the future of wars and how soldiers should meet. He also attracts the favor of lords, knights and other important persons. He is depicted in the form of a goodly knight carrying a lance, an ensign, and a serpent.

Princes

Vassago (also Vasago, Usagoo) is a mighty Prince of Hell (see Hierarchy of demons), ruling over 26 legions of demons. He can be persuaded to tell the magician of events past and future, can discover hidden and lost things, and has a "good" nature. A partial description from The Lesser Key of Solomon is as follows: "The Third Spirit is a Mighty Prince, being of the same nature as Agares. He is called Vassago. This Spirit is of a Good Nature, and his office is to declare things Past and to Come, and to discover all things Hidden or Lost." According to the Liber Officium Spirituum, he manifests as an angel.

Sitri (also Bitru, Sytry, Sytri) is a Great Prince of Hell, and reigns over 60 legions of demons. He causes men to love women and vice versa, and can make people bare themselves naked if desired. He is depicted with the face of a leopard and the wings of a griffin, but under the conjurer's request he changes into a very beautiful man.

(Prince/Count) Ipos (also Aiperos, Ayperos, Ayporos, Ipes) is a Prince and powerful Earl of Hell (a Duke to some authors), having 36 legions of demons under his command. He knows and can reveal all things past, present, and future. He can make men witty and valiant. He is commonly depicted with the body of an angel with the head of a lion, the tail of a hare, and the feet of a goose, less frequently in the same shape but with the body of a lion, and rarely as a vulture.

(Prince/President) Gaap (also Goap, Tap, Taob, Coap) is a mighty Prince and Great President of Hell, commanding 66 legions of demons. He is, according to The Lesser Key of Solomon, the king and prince of the southern region of Hell and Earth, and according to the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, the king of the western region and as mighty as Beleth, but for both he is the guide of the four kings (the others being Ziminiar, Corson and Amaymon, although some translations of The Lesser Key of Solomon consider Belial, Beleth, Asmodai and Gaap, not giving detail on the cardinal point they rule). He is said to be better conjured to appear when the Sun is in a southern zodiacal sign. Gaap teaches Philosophy and all liberal sciences, can cause love or hate and make men insensible and invisible, deliver familiars out of the custody of other magicians, teaches how to consecrate those things that belong to the dominion of Amaymon his king (there is a contradiction here, see above), gives true answers concerning past, present and future, and can carry and re-carry men and things speedily from one nation to another at the conjurer's will. According to a few authors he can make men ignorant. According to Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, certain necromancers honour him with sacrifices and burning offerings. He is depicted in human shape.

Marquises

Gamigin (also Gamygin, Gamigm, Samigina, Gamygyn) is a Great Marquis of Hell, ruling over 30 legions of demons. He teaches all liberal sciences and gives an account of the souls of those who died in sin and who drowned in the sea, speaking with a rough voice. He also answers what is asked about, and stays with the conjurer until they are satisfied. Gamigin is depicted as a little horse or a donkey, which changes form into a man under the conjurer's request.

Aamon (also Amon, Nahum) is a Marquis of Hell, governing 40 infernal legions. He appears as a wolf with a serpent's tail who can breathe fire, or as a man with a raven's head, sometimes depicted with canine teeth. He tells of all things past and future. He procures feuds, and reconciles controversies between friends and foes.

Leraje (also Leraie, Leraikha, Leraye, Loray, Oray) is a mighty Great Marquis of Hell, having 30 legions of demons under his power. He causes great battles and disputes, and makes gangrenous wounds caused by arrows. He is depicted as a gallant and handsome archer clad in green, carrying a bow and quiver.

The demon Naberius (also Naberus, Nebiros, Cerberus, Cerbere) was first mentioned by Johannes Wier in 1583. He is supposedly the most valiant Marquis of Hell, and has 19 legions of demons under his command. He makes men cunning in all arts, but especially in rhetoric, speaking with a hoarse voice. He also restores lost dignities and honors, although to Johann Weyer he procures the loss of them. Naberius appears as a three-headed dog or a raven. He has a raucous voice but presents himself as eloquent and amiable. He teaches the art of gracious living. He is depicted as a crow or a black crane. Concerning his name, it is unclear if there is an association with the Greek Cerberus. It is said that in 1583, Johann Weyer considers both of them to be the same demon. He claimed "Naberius [Naberus], alias Cerberus, is a valiant marquesse, shewing himselfe in the forme of a crowe, when he speaketh with a hoarse voice: he maketh a man amiable and cunning in all arts, and speciallie in rhetorike, he procureth the losse of prelacies and dignities: nineteene legions heare (and obeie) him."

(Marquis/Count) Ronové (also Ronove, Roneve, Ronwe, Ronoweh) is a Marquis and Great Earl of Hell, commanding 19 legions of demons. He teaches rhetoric, languages, and gives good and loyal servants and the favour of friends and foes. He is described as a monster holding a staff, without detailing his appearance. He is also described as a taker of old souls, often coming to earth to harvest souls of decrepit humans and animals that are near death.

Earls

Furfur (also Furtur, Ferthur) is a powerful Great Earl of Hell, being the ruler of 26 legions of demons. He is a liar unless compelled to enter a magic triangle where he gives true answers to every question, speaking with a rough voice. Furfur causes love between a man and a woman, creates storms, tempests, thunder, lightning, and blasts, and teaches on secret and divine things. He is depicted as a hart or winged hart, and also as an angel. "Furfur" or "furfurēs" in Latin means "bran". However, it seems more likely that the name is a corruption of "Furcifer", the Latin word for "scoundrel". Slightly less likely considering the context, but still possible, is that the name originated from "fūr", Latin for "thief".

Halphas (also Malthus, Malthas, Malthous) is an Earl of Hell, commanding 26 legions of demons, who is said to have a rough voice when speaking. He is often depicted in the shape of a stork, though most manuscripts describe Malthus as a hoarse-voiced stock dove. Malthus builds towers and fills them with ammunition and weapons, an armorer of sorts. He is also said to send his legions into battle, or to places designated by higher commanding demons.

Raum (also Raim, Raym, Räum) is a Great Earl of Hell, ruling 30 legions of demons. He is depicted as a crow which adopts a human form at the request of the conjurer. Raum steals treasures out of kings' houses, carrying them where he wishes, and destroys cities and dignities of men (He is said to have great dispraise for dignities). Raum can also tell all things past, present, and future, reconcile friends and foes and invoke love.

Bifrons (also Bifrovs, Bifröus, Bifronze) is an Earl of Hell, with 6 legions of demons under his command. He teaches sciences and arts, the virtues of the gems and woods, herbs, and changes corpses from their original grave into other places, sometimes putting magic lights on the graves that seem candles. He appears as a monster but then changes his shape into that of a man. The origin of the name is the Roman god Janus (Ianus Bifrons meaning "Two-faced Janus").

Andromalius is a mighty Great Earl of Hell, having 36 legions of demons at his service. He can bring back both a thief and the stolen goods, punishes all thieves and other wicked people, and discovers hidden treasures, all evilness, and all dishonest dealing. Andromalius is depicted as a man holding a big serpent in his hand, and according to The Lesser Key of Solomon:

Knights

Furcas (also Forcas) is the sole Knight of Hell, ruling over 20 legions of demons. He teaches philosophy, astronomy, rhetoric, logic, chiromancy and pyromancy. Furcas is depicted as a strong old man with white hair and long white beard, who rides a horse while holding a sharp weapon (pitch fork).Furcas is a knight and commeth foorth in the similitude of a cruell man, with a long beard and a hoarie head, he sitteth on a pale horsse, carrieng in his hand a sharpe weapon, he perfectlie teacheth practike philosophie, rhetorike, logike, astronomie, chiromancie, pyromancie, and their parts: there obeie him twentie legions. The etymology of his name may be derived from the Latin word furca, meaning fork, or from Greco-Roman also meaning a sepulchre (tomb).

Presidents

Marbas (also Barbas) is a Great President of Hell, governing 36 legions of demons. He answers truly on hidden or secret things, causes and heals diseases, teaches mechanical arts, and changes men into other shapes. He is depicted as a great lion that, under the conjurer's request, changes shape into a man.

Buer is a Great President of Hell, having 50 legions of demons under his command. He appears when the Sun is in Sagittarius. Buer teaches natural and moral philosophy, logic, and the virtues of all herbs and plants. He also heals all infirmities, especially of men, and gives good familiars. He is depicted in the shape of Sagittarius, which is as a centaur with a bow and arrows. Additionally, Louis Le Breton created an illustration of Buer, later engraved by M. Jarrault, depicting the demon as having the head of a lion and five, six, or more goat or horse legs surrounding his body to walk in every direction. The etymology of his name is uncertain.

(President/Count) Botis (also Otis, Otius) is a President and Earl of Hell, commanding 60 legions of demons. He tells of all things past and future, and reconciles friends and foes. He is depicted as an ugly viper, but when he changes shape, he puts himself in human shape, with big teeth and two horns. When in human shape he carries a sharp and bright sword in his hand.

(President/Count) Morax (also Foraii, Marax, Farax) is a President and Great Earl of Hell, having 36 legions of demons under his command. He teaches astronomy and all other liberal sciences, and gives good and wise familiars that know the virtues of all herbs and precious stones. He is depicted as a big bull with the face of a man, as well as a man with the face of a bull. It has been proposed that Morax is related to the Minotaur which Dante places in Hell (Inferno, Canto xii). See Fred Gettings, Dictionary of Demons (1988) His name seems to come from Latin "morax", that delays, that stops.

(President/Count) Glasya-Labolas (also Caacrinolaas, Caassimolar, Classyalabolas, Glassia-Labolis, Glasya Labolas, Gaylos-Lobos) is a mighty President and Earl of Hell, commanding 36 legions of demons. He is the author and captain of manslaughter and bloodshed, tells all things past and to come, gains the minds and love of friends and foes causing love among them if desired, incites homicides and can make a man invisible. He is depicted as a dog with the wings of a griffin.