Barbu is a male Romanian given name or a surname; of obscure origin, it may derive from either the word barbă ("beard") or serve as the masculine form of Barbara.
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As a given name
Barbu Alinescu (1890–1952), Romanian general
Barbu Bellu (1825–1900), Romanian baron and politician
Barbu Brezianu (1909–2008), Romanian poet, art critic, art historian and judge
Barbu Catargiu (1807–1862), Romanian politician and journalist
Barbu III Craiovescu (died 1565), de facto Prince of Wallachia
Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea (1858–1918), Romanian dramatist and poet
Barbu Fundoianu (1898–1944), Romanian and French poet-philosopher
Barbu Lăzăreanu (1881–1957), Romanian literary historian, bibliographer and left-wing activist
Barbu Paris Mumuleanu (1794–1836), Wallachian poet
Barbu Nemțeanu (1887–1919), Romanian poet
Barbu Solacolu (1897–1976), Romanian poet and social scientist
Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei (1799–1869), Prince of Wallachia
Barbu Știrbey (1872–1946), Prime Minister of Romania
As a surname
Alexandru Barbu (born 1987), Romanian alpine skier
Constantin Barbu (born 1971), Romanian football player
Daniel Barbu (born 1957), Romanian political scientist
Eugen Barbu (1924–1993), Romanian novelist and journalist
Filaret Barbu (1903–1984), Romanian operetta composer
Florin Barbu (born 1974), Romanian bass guitarist
Gelu Barbu (1932–2016), Romanian-born Spanish ballet dancer and choreographer
Gheorghe Barbu (born 1951), Romanian politician
Ion Barbu (1895–1961), Romanian mathematician and poet
Marga Barbu (1929–2009), Romanian actress
Marin Barbu (born 1958), Romanian football player and coach
Natalia Barbu (born 1979), Moldovan singer and songwriter
Ștefan Barbu (1908–1970), Romanian football player
Sulfina Barbu (born 1967), Romanian politician
Viorel P. Barbu (born 1941), Romanian mathematician