Clovis

History

The city of Clovis began as a freight stop along the San Joaquin Valley Railroad. Organized on January 15, 1890, by Fresno businessmen Thomas E. Hughes, Fulton Berry, Gilbert R. Osmun, H.D. Colson, John D. Gray, and William M. Williams, in partnership with Michigan railroad speculator Marcus Pollasky, the SJVRR began construction in Fresno on July 4, 1891, and reached the farmlands of Clovis M. Cole and George Owen by October of that year. The railroad purchased right-of-way from both farmers, half from each – the east side from Cole and the west side from Owen – and ran tracks up the borderline between the two properties. The railroad agreed to establish a station on the west side of the tracks and to call it "Clovis." The Clovis station, which was named after Clovis Cole, was positioned on the Owen side of the track.

Cole and Owen later sold land to Marcus Pollasky for the development of a townsite. Fresno civil engineer Ingvart Tielman mapped the townsite on behalf of Pollasky on December 29, 1891. The original townsite featured streets named for the officers and principal investors of the railroad: (Benjamin) Woodworth, (Marcus) Pollasky, Fulton (Berry), (Thomas) Hughes, (Gerald) Osmun, and (O. D.) Baron. The townsite, named "Clovis" after Clovis Station by Pollasky, was laid out on what was originally Owen's land.

The railroad was completed as far as the town of Hamptonville (now Friant) on the banks of the San Joaquin River, just 26 miles (42 km) from its point of origin in Fresno. Articles of Incorporation for the San Joaquin Valley Railroad indicate that the corporation intended to build 100 miles (160 km) of track, including sidings and spurs, through the agricultural acreage east of Fresno, then north to the timber and mineral resources of the Sierra foothills. At the time, Hamptonville was called "Pollasky". A celebration of the completion of track-laying was held at the Pollasky terminus on the Wednesday before Thanksgiving of 1891 with a reported 3,000 Fresnans attending. The railroad began official operation in January 1892.

The first year of operation of the railroad coincided with the beginnings of a deep national economic decline. Farmers were unable to get a profitable return on their crops, banks and railroads failed nationwide. The SJVRR was unable to generate sufficient revenues to pay its debt, was leased to the Southern Pacific Railroad and subsequently bought by SPRR in 1893. By reducing the railroad's schedule of operation and trimming costs, the Southern Pacific was able to turn a small profit in the first years after its acquisition.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.28 square miles (60.29 km2), all of it land.

Clovis is situated midway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, bordering Fresno, in the agriculturally rich San Joaquin Valley. Lying at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range, which includes Yosemite, Kings Canyon, and Sequoia National Parks, Clovis has been known as "Gateway to the Sierras" since its incorporation in 1912.

The formation of alluvial fans in this part of the San Joaquin Valley has led to a rather flat regional geography. The Clovis area has active and potentially active seismic fault zones. The elevation of Clovis is approximately 355 feet (108 m) above mean sea datum According to the Flood Hazard Boundary Map produced by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, part of Clovis is within the 100-year flood zone, such as some of the area near the Clovis Towne Center. The groundwater flow in Clovis is generally to the southwest.

Demographics

2020

The 2020 United States census reported that Clovis had a population of 120,124. The population density was 4,726.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,824.9/km2). The racial makeup of Clovis was 55.7% White, 2.8% African American, 1.4% Native American, 13.0% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 11.8% from other races, and 15.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30.5% of the population.

The census reported that 99.6% of the population lived in households, 0.2% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.2% were institutionalized.

There were 42,130 households, out of which 38.4% included children under the age of 18, 52.5% were married-couple households, 6.6% were cohabiting couple households, 25.8% had a female householder with no partner present, and 15.0% had a male householder with no partner present. 21.1% of households were one person, and 9.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.84. There were 30,780 families (73.1% of all households).

The age distribution was 26.2% under the age of 18, 9.0% aged 18 to 24, 27.0% aged 25 to 44, 23.0% aged 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males.

There were 43,954 housing units at an average density of 1,729.5 units per square mile (667.8 units/km2), of which 42,130 (95.9%) were occupied. Of these, 64.0% were owner-occupied, and 36.0% were occupied by renters.

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $100,360, and the per capita income was $43,774. About 5.4% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line.

2010

At the 2010 census Clovis had a population of 95,631. The population density was 4,108.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,586.2/km2). The racial makeup of Clovis was 67,758 (70.9%) White, 2,618 (2.7%) African American, 1,320 (1.4%) Native American, 10,233 (10.7%) Asian, 218 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 8,857 (9.3%) from other races, and 4,627 (4.8%) from two or more races. There were 24,514 Hispanic or Latino residents, of any race (25.6%).

The census reported that 95,243 people (99.6% of the population) lived in households, 130 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 258 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 33,419 households, 13,718 (41.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 17,975 (53.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 4,554 (13.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,889 (5.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,985 (5.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 198 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 7,008 households (21.0%) were one person and 2,721 (8.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.85. There were 24,418 families (73.1% of households); the average family size was 3.32.

The age distribution was 26,851 people (28.1%) under the age of 18, 9,572 people (10.0%) aged 18 to 24, 25,542 people (26.7%) aged 25 to 44, 23,559 people (24.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 10,107 people (10.6%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 34.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

There were 35,306 housing units at an average density of 1,516.7 per square mile (585.6/km2), of which 33,419 were occupied, 20,804 (62.3%) by the owners and 12,615 (37.7%) by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.4%. 60,767 people (63.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 34,476 people (36.1%) lived in rental housing units.

Economy

Top employers

According to the city's 2024 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Cityscape

The Sierra Vista Mall is a 78-acre (32 ha) enclosed regional shopping center anchored by Target, Kohl's, Sierra Vista Cinemas 16, and MB2 Indoor Raceway.

Public transportation within the city is provided by Clovis Transit; some areas also are served by Fresno Area Express, providing connections to Fresno.

Education

The majority of the territory is in the Clovis Unified School District. Portions of Clovis extend into the Fresno Unified School District Sanger Unified School District.

Clovis Unified School District

Elementary schools:

Boris, Bud Rank, Cedarwood, Century, Clovis, Cole, Copper Hills, Cox, Dry Creek, Fancher Creek, Fort Washington, Freedom, Fugman, Garfield, Gettysburg, Jefferson, Liberty, Lincoln, Maple Creek, Mickey Cox, Miramonte, Mountain View, Nelson, Pinedale, Red Bank, Reagan Elementary, Riverview, Sierra Vista, Tarpey, Temperance-Kutner, Valley Oak, Weldon, Harold L. Woods, Red Bank

Middle schools:

Clark Intermediate, Kastner Intermediate, Alta Sierra Intermediate, Reyburn Intermediate, Granite Ridge Intermediate

High schools:

Buchanan High School, Clovis East High School, Clovis High School, Clovis West High School, Clovis North High School, Enterprise High School, Excel High School, Gateway High School, Center for Advanced Research and Technology

Colleges

Clovis Community College

San Joaquin College of Law

California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine

California Health Sciences University College of Pharmacy

Private schools

Charlie Keyan Armenian Community School

Public libraries

Fresno County Public Library operates the Clovis Regional Library.

Notable people

Ryan Beatty, pop singer

Connor Brogdon (born 1995), Cleveland Guardians baseball player

Tyler Clutts, former NFL fullback, attended Clovis High, class of 2003

Chris Colfer, singer, actor and author, best known for portraying the role of Kurt Hummel on Glee and writing the Land of Stories book series.

Terry Cooney, American League umpire, 1974–92

Colby Covington, mixed martial artist, former UFC Interim Welterweight Champion

Zubin Damania, MD, founder of Turntable Health, a direct primary care clinic in Las Vegas

Bryson DeChambeau, 2020 and 2024 U.S. Open golf champion

Jason Donald, former MLB infielder

Jordan Feliz, Christian pop singer/songwriter

Zack Follett, former linebacker for the Detroit Lions; attended Clovis High

Matt Giordano, American football safety who is currently a physical education teacher at Buchanan High School

Aaron Hill, actor, best known for his work on the ABC Family TV show, Greek

Valarie Kaur, documentary filmmaker, civil rights activist, and Sikh interfaith leader

Eric Kendricks, linebacker for the Minnesota Vikings