The Government of Odisha, abbreviated as GoO ([oɽiʃa sɔɾɔkaɾɔ], Odia: ଓଡ଼ିଶା ସରକାର), is the principal administrative authority and state government of the Indian state of Odisha. Created by the Constitution of India, the state government is a democratically elected body consisting of three primary branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary.
Under the Constitution of India, the de jure nominal head of state is the Governor of Odisha, who is appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Union Cabinet and holds a largely ceremonial role. The de facto executive authority is vested in the Chief Minister, who serves as the head of government, alongside their Council of Ministers. Following elections to the state legislature, the Governor usually invites the party or coalition with a majority to form the government. Functioning under a fusion of powers, the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the legislative assembly; they make statements in the assembly and take questions from its members. The executive branch operates primarily from the Lok Seva Bhavan (formerly the State Secretariat) in Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The state's legal interests are represented by the Advocate General, who serves as the chief legal advisor to the government.
The Odisha Legislature is unicameral, consisting solely of the Odisha Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha). It comprises 147 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) directly elected by the people. The assembly convenes at the Vidhan Sabha Bhavan in Bhubaneswar. Its standard term is five years, unless dissolved earlier by the Governor following a successful vote of no confidence or a recommendation by the Chief Minister.
The state's highest judicial authority is the Orissa High Court, which is geographically separated from the capital and located in the historic city of Kataka. It exercises supreme appellate and original jurisdiction over the entire state. The court is presided over by the Chief Justice of Odisha, alongside a sanctioned strength of 33 judges. The Chief Justice is appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of Odisha.
Odisha is administratively divided into 30 districts grouped under 3 administrative Revenue Divisions (Central, Northern, and Southern). At the national level, the state is represented in the Parliament of India by 21 Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and 10 Members of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha (Upper House). Members of the Lok Sabha are elected directly in general elections, while Members of the Rajya Sabha are indirectly elected by the Members of the Legislative Assembly through their respective political parties.