Gustav von Paykull (23 July 1757 – 28 January 1826) was a Swedish friherre (circa baron) and Marshal of the Court, ornithologist, and entomologist.
He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy from 1791 and a founder of the natural history museum (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet) in Stockholm, through his 1819 donation of his extensive zoological collections to the academy (now in the Swedish Museum of Natural History). He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1801 and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1804.
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Publications
His best-known publications are:
Monographia Histeroidum. Upsaliae : Palmblad iv 114 pp. (1811).
Fauna Suecica. Insecta, Coleoptera. Upsala : Edman 3 volumes. (3 volumes, 1798, 1799, 1800)
Species named in his honor
The red false black widow spider, Steatoda paykulliana
The pantropical jumping spider, Plexippus paykulli
The band-bellied crake, Porzana paykullii
Scolopax paykullii, probably the red breasted snipe, or short-billed dowitcher, now known as Scolopax grisea
Tortrix paykulliana – synonym of Epinotia ramella
Alucita paykullella – synonym of Micropterix paykullella
Amarygmus paykulii – Tenebrionine beetle
Colymbetes paykulli – Dytiscid beetle