In 2013, Kapil launched his own show, Comedy Nights with Kapil, under his banner K9 Productions on Colors TV. He played Bittu Sharma, the host of a fictional family show. He also hosted the dance reality show Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa Season 6, and another comedy show Chhote Miyan.
At the CNN-IBN Indian of the Year awards 2013, Sharma was felicitated with the Indian of the Year award in the entertainment category by veteran actor Amol Palekar. In the same year he did live stage shows in Oman. During the 2014 Lok Sabha Elections, he was appointed the Brand Ambassador by the Delhi Election Commission.
Sharma was the co-host of the 60th Filmfare Awards in 2015 along with Karan Johar. He was the presenter for the fourth season of Celebrity Cricket League in 2014. He appeared as a guest on the opening episode of the eighth season of the Indian television game show Kaun Banega Crorepati, and also as a celebrity guest on The Anupam Kher Show. He also appeared as a guest on Koffee With Karan in 2017.
Sharma made his Bollywood debut as the male lead in the movie Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon, a romantic-comedy directed by Abbas Mustan opposite four actresses, Elli AvrRam, Manjari Phadnis, Simran Kaur Mundi and Sai Lokur. The film was released on 25 September 2015 to mixed reviews from critics but did record-breaking opening day business for a debut. In the same year he signed and was paid to do six live shows in North America but the event organiser Amit Jaitly alleged Sharma did not show up in one city and thus filed a court case for breach of contract against Sharma in a New York court. Jaitly also accused Sharma of not taking his phone calls, and the case is pending in the New York court.
His show Comedy Nights with Kapil on Colors aired its last episode on 24 January 2016.
Sharma began a new show titled The Kapil Sharma Show on Sony Entertainment Television under his K9 Productions. The Kapil Sharma Show debuted on 23 April 2016 to a positive response from the viewers.
In 2017, he did not record his TV show multiple times and cancelled shootings, due to several actors like Ajay Devgn, Shah Rukh Khan and their crew having to return from the sets when Kapil Sharma did not show up. Later Kapil Sharma was admitted into an Ayurvedic ashram in Karnataka to leave his alcohol addiction but he left the ashram before attending the full treatment of 40 days, in 12 days. He told DNA in an interview he suffered from high blood pressure and other health issues. Prior to this, Sharma assaulted his employee and fellow comedian on the show, Sunil Grover, after consuming alcohol and abusing other fellow comedians. Post this altercation, Grover quit Sharma's TV show.
His second movie, Firangi, was released on 1 December 2017. Directed by Rajiev Dhingra and produced by Sharma himself, Firangi was a period drama film set in the year 1920. Sharma played the role of Manga. Renuka Vyavahare of The Times of India in a review wrote, 'Firangi is a boring film', gave 2.0/5 stars and other critics, panned it for a bad story and slow speed. It emerged as a big flop at the box-office. The 25 crore film managed to earn 10 crores and Sharma suffered losses.
His next show was launched on 25 March 2018 stating as Family Time With Kapil Sharma which ended on 1 April after only 3 episodes. In 2018, he produced a Punjabi movie named Son of Manjeet Singh which was released on 12 October 2018. His show The Kapil Sharma Show was renewed with a new season, which started airing on 29 December 2018, produced by Salman Khan. He also lent his voice for the Hindi dub of The Angry Birds Movie 2 (2019).
In 2020, it was announced he will star in a kids comedy show, titled The Honey Bunny Show With Kapil Sharma on Sony Yay. In January 2020, Kapil Sharma, Krushna Abhishek and other members of his Sony TV show performed a live show in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates.
In January 2022, it was announced a biopic on his life is under development. Titled Funkaar, the film will be directed by Mrighdeep Singh Lamba.
The Kapil Sharma Show initiated airing its fifth and final season on Sony on 10 September 2022. The show's main actor Krushna Abhishek left the show due to monetary differences. Before the start of shooting in June–July, Sharma did live shows in North America. In 2023, Kapil Sharma was the lead actor in the movie Zwigato, directed by Nandita Das.
Netflix announced The Great Indian Kapil Show on 14 November 2023. From the previous show on Sony TV, Archana Puran Singh, Krushna Abhishek, Kiku Sharda and Rajeev Thakur joined the cast. The Great Indian Kapil Show started streaming on Netflix from 30 March 2024. In the first season, Sunil Grover returned to the show as a recurring cast member, and Navjot Singh Sidhu returned as the permanent guest in the third season.
In December 2025, Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon 2, starring him alongside Parul Gulati, Hira Warina, Tridha Choudhury, and Ayesha Khan.