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Kathleen Lonsdale

crystallographer

Kathleen Lonsdale

Irish crystallographer (1903-1971)

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About Kathleen Lonsdale

Dame Kathleen Lonsdale was an Irish crystallographer, pacifist, and prison reform activist. She proved, in 1929, that the benzene ring is flat by using X-ray diffraction methods to elucidate the structure of hexamethylbenzene. She was the first to use Fourier spectral methods while solving the structure of hexachlorobenzene in 1931. During her career she attained several firsts for female scientists, including being one of the first two women elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1945, first female professor at University College London, first woman president of the International Union of Crystallography, and first woman president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.

Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image by F.C. Livingstone via Wikimedia Commons (No restrictions).

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Occupation: crystallographer, engineer, peace activist
Position held: Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Citizenship: United Kingdom
Born: January 28, 1903
Died: April 1, 1971

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Divergent-beam X-ray photography of crystals X-ray study of crystal dynamics: An historical and critical survey of experiment and theory The structure of the benzene ring in C6 (CH3)6 Diffuse X-Ray Diffraction from the Two Types of Diamond An X-ray analysis of the structure of hexachlorobenzene, using the Fourier method Vibration amplitudes of atoms in cubic crystals Magnetic anisotropy and electronic structure of aromatic molecules X–Ray Diffuse Reflexions from Sodium and Lithium in Relation to Elastic Anisotropy University College London Royal Institution

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