Kolberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Elmer Kolberg (1916–1994), American football player
Fred Kolberg (1900–1965), American welterweight boxer
Jaan Kolberg (born 1958), Estonian film director and producer
Kåre Kolberg (1936–2014), Norwegian composer, organist and music critic
Majtie Kolberg (born 1999), German middle-distance runner
Martin Kolberg (born 1949), Norwegian politician
Oskar Kolberg (1814–1890), Polish ethnographer, folklorist, and composer