Lewes

Constituency profile

Lewes is a rural constituency in East Sussex. It is named after the town of Lewes, although its largest town is Seaford which has a population of around 24,000. Other settlements in the constituency include the towns of Newhaven and Polegate and the villages of Willingdon, Stone Cross, Ringmer and Ditchling. Lewes is a traditional market town known for its 11th-century castle, Seaford is a seaside resort town and Newhaven is an important local port and ferry terminal with regular services to Dieppe in France. The constituency's towns are well-connected by rail to nearby Brighton and Eastbourne. The constituency has average levels of wealth; there is some deprivation in Newhaven whilst the rural parts of the constituency are generally affluent. On average, house prices are lower than the rest of South East England but higher than the national average.

The constituency has a large retired population giving it a high average age. Residents have high rates of homeownership and average levels of education, income and professional employment. The rate of child poverty is low and few residents claim unemployment benefits. A high proportion of residents work in the public sector. White people made up 95% of the population at the 2021 census. At the local council level, the coastal towns and the inland areas west of Lewes are mostly represented by Liberal Democrats, Lewes and the rural areas to its east elected Green Party councillors and the settlements just north of Eastbourne elected Conservatives and independents. An estimated 52% of voters in the constituency supported remaining in the European Union in the 2016 referendum, above the nationwide figure of 48%.

History

The constituency of Lewes has existed since commoners were first summoned to Parliament in 1295, the Model Parliament. This is the county town, though less significant in population today, far surpassed by the City of Brighton and Hove – it has nonetheless been continuously represented since that date.

Until 1885, Lewes was a Parliamentary Borough; until 1868, it was represented by two MPs in the House of Common. This was reduced to one by the Reform Act 1867. Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the seat was converted to a division of the county of Sussex.

From 1874 until 1997, the constituency's electorate returned only Conservative MPs. In the 1997 general election, the seat was won by Norman Baker for the Liberal Democrats. He retained the seat at the subsequent three elections until he was defeated at the 2015 general election by the Conservative's Maria Caulfield. She won again in 2017 and 2019, but was defeated at the 2024 general election by James MacCleary of the Liberal Democrats.

Boundaries

1885–1918: The Borough of Brighton, the Sessional Divisions of Hove and Worthing, and parts of the Sessional Divisions of Lewes and Steyning.

1918–1950: The Borough of Lewes, the Urban Districts of Newhaven, Portslade-by-Sea, and Seaford, and the Rural Districts of Chailey, Newhaven, and Steyning East.

1950–1955: The Borough of Lewes, the Urban Districts of Burgess Hill, Newhaven, and Seaford, the Rural District of Chailey, and parts of the Rural Districts of Cuckfield and Hailsham.

1955–1974: The Borough of Lewes, the Urban Districts of Burgess Hill, Newhaven, and Seaford, the Rural District of Chailey, and part of the Rural District of Cuckfield.

1974–1983: The Borough of Lewes, the Urban Districts of Newhaven and Seaford, the Rural District of Chailey, and part of the Rural District of Hailsham.

1983–1997: The District of Lewes, and the District of Wealden wards of Alfriston, Arlington, and East Dean.

1997–2010: The District of Lewes wards of Barcombe, Chailey, Ditchling, Hamsey, Kingston, Lewes Bridge, Lewes Castle, Lewes Priory, Newhaven Denton, Newhaven Meeching, Newhaven Valley, Newick, Ouse Valley, Plumpton, Ringmer, Seaford Central, Seaford East, Seaford North, Seaford West, and Wivelsfield.

2010–2024: The District of Lewes wards of Barcombe and Hamsey, Chailey and Wivelsfield, Ditchling and Westmeston, Kingston, Lewes Bridge, Lewes Castle, Lewes Priory, Newhaven Denton and Meeching, Newhaven Valley, Newick, Ouse Valley and Ringmer, Plumpton, Streat, East Chiltington and St John Without, Seaford Central, Seaford East, Seaford North, Seaford South, and Seaford West; and the District of Wealden wards of Alfriston, Arlington, East Dean, Polegate North, and Polegate South.

2024–present: The District of Lewes wards of Ditchling & Westmeston, Kingston, Lewes Bridge, Lewes Castle, Lewes Priory, Newhaven North, Newhaven South, Ouse Valley & Ringmer, Plumpton, Streat, East Chiltington & St John, Seaford Central, Seaford East, Seaford North, Seaford South, and Seaford West; and the District of Wealden wards of Arlington, Lower Willingdon, Polegate Central, Polegate North, Polegate South & Willingdon Watermill, South Downs, Stone Cross, and Upper Willingdon.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1295–1660

Constituency created 1295

Elections since 1918

Elections in the 1990s

This constituency underwent boundary changes between the 1992 and 1997 general elections and thus change in share of vote is based on a notional calculation.

Elections in the 1970s

New constituency boundaries.

Election results 1868–1918

Elections in the 1910s

General Election 1914/15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Unionist: William Campion

Liberal:

Election results 1832–1868

Elections in the 1830s

Kemp resigned, causing a by-election.

Elections in the 1840s

Blunt's death caused a by-election.

On petition, Harford was unseated, due to bribery and corruption, and Fitzroy was declared elected on 21 March 1842. Fitzroy was then appointed a Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

Elphinstone resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.

Elections in the 1850s

Brand was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury, requiring a by-election.

FitzRoy was appointed First Commissioner of Works, requiring a by-election.

Elections in the 1860s

FitzRoy's death caused a by-election.