The Province of Lugo (Spanish: Provincia de Lugo, Galician: Provincia de Lugo) is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, A Coruña, and León, the principality of Asturias, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay).
The population is 325,048, of which over a quarter live in the namesake capital Lugo. The capital city was an ancient Celtic settlement named in honour of the god Lugh (see Lyon), later Latinised as Lucus Augusti, and which became one of the three main important Galician-Roman centres alongside Braccara Augusta and Asturica Augusta (modern Braga and Astorga respectively). The province has 67 municipalities.
Contents
Geography
Estuaries
The estuaries of the Lugo province are part of the Atlas estuaries. From west to east they are:
O Barqueiro estuary
Viveiro estuary
Foz estuary
Ribadeo estuary
Rivers
Miño river
Sil river
Landro river
Ouro river
Masmo river
Municipalities
The province has 67 municipalities:
Demographics
As of 2026, the population is 326,022, of which 48.5% are male, and 51.5% are female. Minors make up 12.2% of the population, and seniors make up 30.2%.
Immigration
As of 2025, immigrants make up 12.2% of the population. The 5 largest foreign countries of birth are Colombia, Venezuela, Morocco, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic.
Languages
The vast majority of people have a common language, Galician. Some people, especially the older generation, are monolingual in Galician. Even in the capital, the vitality of Galician in conversation is very strong.
The inhabitants speak several variants of Galician in the province of Lugo. They have the characteristics of being the closest to León isoglosses and therefore also Castilian. That makes them they some grammatical and phonetic signs that are mistakenly considered influences of Castilian or of Leonese. However, the Galician spoken in Lugo, especially in non-coastal areas, is probably the most conservative in Galicia because almost no historic pressure from Castilian has existed on the rural population.