Nicolae Costin (7 April 1936 – 16 February 1995) was a Moldovan politician, and a history professor at Moldova State University who was executive chairman of the Popular Front of Moldova, a deputy in the first elected Parliament of the Republic of Moldova, and co-author of the Moldovan Declaration of Independence.
From 1990 to 1994 he was mayor of Chișinău.
Costin's official cause of death was leukemia. Rumors circulated, with no evidence, that he had been poisoned with radioactive caesium.