Pakubuwono II (also transliterated Pakubuwana II) (1711–1749) was the last ruler of Mataram Sultanate and the first Sunan of the Surakarta Sunanate which was established after the collapse of the former Sultanate due to the Third Javanese War of Succession
His correct title in Javanese etiquette standards contains honorific appellations, some of which each successive ruler inherits. The move of his court from Kartasura to Surakarta was to avert the calamities that occurred at the former palace.
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Early life
He was the son of Amangkurat IV by his queen consort. His mother expected him to be named heir, while his father preferred his elder concubine-born brother, who was already appointed as Kanjeng Pangeran Adipati Arya Mangkunegara. The disagreement led the queen's two children to seclusion. The Susuhunan married the queen's younger sister and was installed as the new queen under the name Ratu Kencana or Ratu Kadipaten.
Before his death, the Susuhunan summoned Patih Danureja and the queen to leave his will to crown Kanjeng Pangeran Adipati Anom Mangkunegara as his successor. After the late Susuhunan's burial, Patih Danureja explained to the queen dowager (Ratu Ageng) that Kanjeng Pangeran Adipati Anom would be crowned soon. Ratu Ageng disagreed; she asked him to tell the Dutch that she wanted her son to be named heir instead.
At night, the patih gathered the royal family and asked their opinions. Pangeran Madura supported Kanjeng Pangeran Arya Mangkunegara, as the other sons were still young. Ki Jayaningrat preferred Raden Mas Ambiya, although also a concubine-born, but his mother was a noble daughter of Adipati Sindupraya of Pemalang. Patih Danureja was annoyed as they didn't get agreement. He dismissed them, but before that, the adipatis and wedanas had already been required to put their stamps on the paper prepared. The patih sent the letter to the Governor General in Batavia.