Pitcairn is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Pitcairn (1750–1814), English cricketer
David Pitcairn (1749–1809), Scottish physician, son of John Pitcairn and brother of the midshipman Robert Pitcairn
Elizabeth Pitcairn (born 1973), American violinist
Feodor Pitcairn (1934–2021), American photographer, cinematographer, naturalist and environmentalist, grandson of John Pitcairn and uncle of Elizabeth Pitcairn
Harold Frederick Pitcairn (1897–1960), American aviation inventor and pioneer
Hugh Pitcairn (1845–1911), first United States consul general to Hamburg, German Empire, brother of railroad executive Robert Pitcairn and John Pitcairn Jr.
James Pitcairn (1776–1859), British physician and Director-General of the Medical Department for Ireland
John Pitcairn (1722–1775), British marine officer during the American Revolutionary War
John Pitcairn Jr. (1841–1916), Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist
Joseph Pitcairn (1764–1844), American diplomat, landowner and the American consul to the free Hansa city of Hamburg
Raymond Pitcairn (1885–1966), American lawyer, businessman and politician, son of John Pitcairn Jr.
Robert Pitcairn (1836–1909), Scottish-American railroad executive
Robert Pitcairn (antiquary) (1793–1855), British antiquary
Robert Pitcairn (athlete) (1938–2022), Canadian sport shooter
Robert Pitcairn (commendator) (1520?–1584), Scottish diplomat and judge
Robert Pitcairn (Royal Navy officer) (1752–c.1770), Royal Navy midshipman, first European to sight Pitcairn Island, son of marine officer John Pitcairn
Theodore Pitcairn (1893–1973), American clergyman, theologian, philanthropist and connoisseur of the arts and antiquities, son of the industrialist John Pitcairn
Thomas Pitcairn (1800–1854), Scottish Presbyterian minister
William Pitcairn (1712–1791), Scottish physician and botanist, brother of marine officer John Pitcairn
William Fettes Pitcairn (1804–1891), Scottish theological author