President of the Republic

Designation

In most cases the president of a republic is elected, either:

by direct universal suffrage (by all voters), or

by indirect suffrage, or

by a Parliament or one of its Chambers, or

by an electoral college which may itself be designated.

Africa

Algeria: President of Algeria, President of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria since 1963

Angola: President of Angola, President of the Republic of Angola since 1975

Benin: President of Benin, President of the Republic of Benin since 1960

Botswana: President of Botswana, President of the Republic of Botswana since 1966

Burkina Faso: President of Burkina Faso, President of the Republic of Burkina Faso since 1960

Burundi: President of Burundi, President of the Republic of Burundi since 1966

Cameroon: President of Cameroon, President of the Republic of Cameroon since 1960

Cape Verde: President of Cape Verde, President of the Republic of Cape Verde since 1975

Central African Republic: President of the Central African Republic since 1960, abolished in 1976 with the creation of the Central African Empire, restored in 1979

Chad: President of Chad, President of the Republic of Chad since 1962

Comoros: President of the Comoros, President of the Union of the Comoros since 1977

Republic of the Congo: President of the Republic of the Congo since 1960

Democratic Republic of the Congo: President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since 1960

Djibouti: President of Djibouti, President of the Republic of Djibouti since 1977

Egypt: President of Egypt, President of the Arab Republic of Egypt since 1953

Equatorial Guinea: President of Equatorial Guinea, President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea since 1968

Eritrea: President of Eritrea, President of the State of Eritrea since 1993

Ethiopia: President of Ethiopia, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia since 1974

Gabon: President of Gabon, President of the Gabonese Republic since 1960

The Gambia: President of the Gambia, President of the Republic of The Gambia since 1970

Ghana: President of Ghana, President of the Republic of Ghana since 1960

Guinea: President of Guinea, President of the Republic of Guinea since 1958

Guinea-Bissau: President of Guinea-Bissau, President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau since 1973

Ivory Coast: President of Ivory Coast, President of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire since 1960

Kenya: President of Kenya, President of the Republic of Kenya since 1964

Liberia: President of Liberia, President of the Republic of Liberia since 1847

Madagascar: President of Madagascar, President of the Republic of Madagascar since 1959

Malawi: President of Malawi, President of the Republic of Malawi since 1966

Mali: President of Mali, President of the Republic of Mali since 1965

Mauritania: President of Mauritania, President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania since 1961

Mauritius: President of Mauritius, President of the Republic of Mauritius since 1992

Mozambique: President of Mozambique, President of the Republic of Mozambique since 1975

Namibia: President of Namibia, President of the Republic of Namibia since 1990

Niger: President of Niger, President of the Republic of Niger since 1960

Nigeria: President of Nigeria, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria since 1963

Rwanda: President of Rwanda, President of the Republic of Rwanda since 1961

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic: President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since 1982

São Tomé and Príncipe: President of São Tomé and Príncipe, President of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe since 1975

Senegal: President of Senegal, President of the Republic of Senegal since 1960

Seychelles: President of Seychelles, President of the Republic of Seychelles since 1976

Sierra Leone: President of Sierra Leone, President of the Republic of Sierra Leone since 1971

Somalia: President of Somalia, President of the Federal Republic of Somalia since 1960

Somaliland: President of Somaliland, President of the Republic of Somaliland since 1991

South Africa: President of South Africa, President of the Republic of South Africa since 1994

South Sudan: President of South Sudan, President of the Republic of South Sudan since 2011

Sudan: President of Sudan, President of the Republic of Sudan since 1958

Tanzania: President of Tanzania, President of the United Republic of Tanzania since 1964

Togo: President of Togo, President of the Togolese Republic since 1960

Tunisia: President of Tunisia, President of the Republic of Tunisia since 1957

Uganda: President of Uganda, President of the Republic of Uganda since 1963

Zambia: President of Zambia, President of the Republic of Zambia since 1964

Zimbabwe: President of Zimbabwe, President of the Republic of Zimbabwe since 1980

Americas

Argentina: President of Argentina, Presidente de la Nación Argentina since 1826

Barbados: President of Barbados, President of Barbados since 2021

Bolivia: President of Bolivia, Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia since 1825

Brazil: President of Brazil, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil since 1889

Chile: President of Chile, Presidente de la República de Chile since 1826

Colombia: President of Colombia, Presidente de la República de Colombia since 1819

Costa Rica: President of Costa Rica, Presidente de la República de Costa Rica since 1848

Cuba: President of Cuba, Presidente de la República de Cuba since 1902

Dominica: President of Dominica, President of the Commonwealth of Dominica since 1978

Dominican Republic: President of the Dominican Republic, Presidente de la República Dominicana since 1844

Ecuador: President of Ecuador, Presidente de la República del Ecuador since 1830

El Salvador: President of El Salvador, Presidente de la República de El Salvador since 1841

Guatemala: President of Guatemala, Presidente de la República de Guatemala since 1839

Asia

Bangladesh: President of Bangladesh, গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রপতি (Bengali), President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (English) since 1971

China: President of China, 中华人民共和国主席, President of the People's Republic of China since 1954, abolished in 1975, restored in 1982

East Timor: President of East Timor, Presidente da República Democrática de Timor-Leste or Prezidente Republika Demokratika Timor-Leste, President of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste since 2002

India: President of India, भारत गणराज्य के राष्ट्रपति (Hindi), President of the Republic of India (English) since 1950

Indonesia: President of Indonesia, Presiden Republik Indonesia since 1945

Iran: President of Iran, رییس‌جمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān (Persian) since 1980

Iraq: President of Iraq, رئيس العراق Rayis aleiraq since 1958

Israel: President of Israel, נשיא מדינת ישראל, President of the State of Israel since 1948

Kazakhstan: President of Kazakhstan, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті, Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Prezïdenti since 1990

South Korea: President of South Korea, 대한민국 대통령, President of the Republic of Korea since 1948

Kyrgyzstan: President of Kyrgyzstan, Кыргыз Республикасынын Президенти or Президент Киргизской Республики, President of the Kyrgyz Republic since 1990

Laos: President of Laos, President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic since 1975

Europe

Albania: President of Albania, Presidenti i Shqipërisë since 1991

Armenia: President of Armenia, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության նախագահ, President of the Republic of Armenia since 1991

Austria: President of Austria, Bundespräsident der Republik Österreich since 1920

Azerbaijan: President of Azerbaijan, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan since 1990

Belarus: President of Belarus, Прэзідэнт Рэспублікі Беларусь or Президент Республики Беларусь (President of the Republic of Belarus) since 1994

Bulgaria: President of Bulgaria, Президент на Република България since 1990

Croatia: President of Croatia Predsjednik Republike Hrvatske since 1990

Cyprus: President of Cyprus, Πρόεδρος της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας or Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı (President of the Republic of Cyprus, lit. 'President of the Cypriot Republic') since 1960

Czech Republic: President of the Czech Republic, Prezident České republiky (President of the Czech Republic) since 1993

Estonia: President of Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi President since 1992 (pre Soviet 1938 to 1940)

Finland: President of Finland, tasavallan presidentti or republikens president since 1919

France: President of the French Republic, Président de la République Française 1848-52 and since 1870

Oceania

Fiji: President of Fiji, President of the Republic of Fiji since 1987

French Polynesia: President of French Polynesia since 1984

Kiribati: President of Kiribati, President of the Republic of Kiribati since 1979

Marshall Islands: President of the Marshall Islands, President of the Republic of the Marshall Islands since 1979

Micronesia: President of Micronesia, President of the Federated States of Micronesia since 1979

Nauru: President of Nauru, President of the Republic of Nauru since 1968

Palau: President of Palau, President of the Republic of Palau since 1981

Vanuatu: President of Vanuatu, President of the Republic of Vanuatu since 1980