Saarlouis (Sarrelouis in French) is a Kreis (district) in the middle of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are Merzig-Wadern, Sankt Wendel, Neunkirchen, Saarbrücken, and the French département Moselle.
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History
The district was part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation. The biggest part of the district was part of duchy of Lorraine which gradually came under French sovereignty (still as a part of the holy empire) between 1737 and 1766. Other villages were part of the county of Nassau-Saarbrücken. The territory of the city Saarlouis which was built to protect the border, came to France as part of the three Bishoprics. Other villages, which today are considered to be too small to form villages of their own were independent imperial territories. The district showed the fundamental problem of the whole empire: A strong influence of foreign rulers and micro-sized territories. After the Napoleonic wars the area went to Prussia, which in 1816 created the district as part of its Rhineland province. Between 1936 and 1945 it was called Saarlautern, when the Nazi government attempted to conceal the name's French origin.
Geography
The main river in the district is the Saar.
Coat of arms
The checked black-and-white top part of the coat of arms is taken from the coat of the Hohenzollern, to remember that the area belonged to the German Empire (which was ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty) directly. The bottom part is the coat of arms of the Lorraine, as Saarlouis belonged to Duchy of Lorraine 1100-1766. The star stands for the French fortress of Saarlouis, the origin of the city, which was built in a star form. The fleur-de-lis comes from the coat of arms of the city Saarlouis.
Education
Primary schools
Römerschule Pachten
Philipp-Schmitt-School Dillingen
Odilienschule Dillingen
Primsschule Dieffeln
Primary school Landsweiler
Primary school Lebach
Primary school Steinbach
Nikolaus-Groß-School Lebach
Primary school "Im Vogelsang" Saarlouis
Primary school Römerberg Roden
Primary school "Im Alten Kloster" Fraulautern
Primary school Steinrausch
Primary school Prof. Ecker Lisdorf
Primary school in den Bruchwiesen Beaumarais
Primary school Bous
Primary school Ensdorf
Primary school Nalbach
Niedschule Hemmersdorf
Primary school Rehlingen
Primary school Gutberg Saarwellingen
Astrid-Lindgren-School Reisbach
Stefanschule Schmelz with Dependance Limbach
Johannesschule Hüttersdorf
Community schools
School at the Römerkastell Dillingen
Sophie Scholl Community School Dillingen
Theeltalschule Lebach
Nikolaus-Groß-School Lebach
Community School Saarlouis "In den Fliesen"
Martin Luther King School Saarlouis
Community school Wadgassen-Bous
Johannes Gutenberg School Schwalbach
School at Litermont Nalbach
Lothar Kahn School Rehlingen
School at the Waldwies Saarwellingen
Kettelerschule Schmelz
School at the Warndtwald Ueberherrn
Bisttal School Wadgassen / Bous
School at the Limberg, Wallerfangen
High schools
Albert Schweitzer High School Dillingen
Technical-scientific High School Dillingen
Geschwister-Scholl High School Lebach
Johannes-Kepler High School Lebach
High School at the Stadtgarten (municipal park) Saarlouis
Max Planck High School Saarlouis
Robert Schuman High School Saarlouis
Vocational schools
KBBZ Dillingen
TGBBZ Dillingen
BBZ Lebach
KBBZ Saarlouis
TGSBBZ Saarlouis
Nursing School DRK-Hospital Saarlouis
Special schools
AWO-Förderschule mental development leases
Anne Frank School Saarlouis
District Special School G Saarwellingen
State development school social development Wallerfangen