Salerno is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adriana Salerno (born 1979), Venezuelan-American mathematician
Anthony Salerno (1911–1992), Italian-American mobster
Enrico Maria Salerno (1926–1994), Italian actor
Fabio Salerno (born 1979), Italian Catholic priest and second secretary to the Pope
Francesco Carmelo Salerno (1925–1998), Member of the Italian parliament and Football Club Manager
Jessica Salerno, American psychologist
Joe Salerno (born 1981), American basketball coach
José Salerno (1914–1984), Argentine football player and manager
Joseph P. Salerno (1914–1981), American architect
Joseph T. Salerno (born 1950), Austrian School economist
José Luis Salerno, Argentine crime suspect
Nicola Salerno (1910–1969), Italian lyricist
Nicola Salerno (sporting executive) (1956–2026), Italian football sporting director
Ralph Salerno (1925-2003), New York police officer, author and recognized expert on the American mafia
Randy Salerno (1963–2008), American news anchor
Sabrina Salerno (born 1968), Italian singer, showgirl, model, actress and record producer
Shane Salerno (born 1972), American screenwriter and producer