Sanne Ledermann

Susanne "Sanne" Ledermann (7 October 1928 – 19 November 1943) was a German Jewish girl who was murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp. She was best-known for her friendship with sisters Anne and Margot Frank. Early life and family Sanne was born in Berlin, the younger of two daughters of Franz Ledermann, lawyer and musician, and Ilse Citroën-Ledermann, a pianist. In 1933, when the Nazi party came to power the Ledermanns, faced with the threat of death because they were Jews, emigrated to Amsterdam, Netherlands. Sanne was admitted to the Jeker school, where her sister Barbara and Margot Frank were also admitted. Later in 1940, Eva Schloss, the eventual stepsister of Anne Frank, also attended class with Sanne. In 1940, the Nazis invaded the Netherlands, and Sanne had to move to a Jewish school. Hanneli Goslar and Anne moved to a different Jewish school. However, Sanne still kept good contacts with both Anne and Hanneli, and was a member of the ping pong club Little Dipper Minus Two, named for the Little Dipper constellation, which was formed by her friends (the girls had originally thought the constellation comprised five stars, matching the five girls who were in the club, but later found out that it actually consisted of seven stars; thus they renamed the club Little Dipper Minus Two). In July 1942, Anne and her family (Margot, Otto, and Edith, along with the van Pels family and Fritz Pfeffer) went into hiding, although Sanne didn't know about this.