Schultheiss or Schultheiß is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Adrian Schultheiss (born 1988), Swedish figure skater
Carl Max Schultheiss (1885–1961), German-American graphic designer
Christina Schultheiß (1918–2016), German civil engineer, best known for her involvement in the Protestant church
Fredy Schultheiss (1926–2006), Swiss rower
Hans Schultheiss (1921–2013), Swiss rower
Herman J. Schulteis (1818–1889), Wisconsin politician
Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt (1678–1753), German architect
Louis A. Schultheiss (1925–2014), American academic
Matthias Schultheiss (born 1946), German graphic novel artist
Walter Schultheiß (1924–2025), German actor, author and painter